void getelm_c ( SpiceInt frstyr,
SpiceInt lineln,
const void * lines,
SpiceDouble * epoch,
SpiceDouble * elems )
Given a the "lines" of a two-line element set, parse the
lines and return the elements in units suitable for use
in SPICE software.
None.
PARSING
VARIABLE I/O DESCRIPTION
-------- --- --------------------------------------------------
frstyr I Year of earliest representable two-line elements.
lineln I Length of strings in lines array.
lines I A pair of "lines" containing two-line elements.
epoch O The epoch of the elements in seconds past J2000.
elems O The elements converted to SPICE units.
frstyr is the first year possible for two line elements. Since
two line elements allow only two digits for the year, some
conventions must be followed concerning which century the
two digits refer to. frstyr is the year of the earliest
representable elements. The two-digit year is mapped to
the year in the interval from frstyr to frstyr + 99 that
has the same last two digits as the two digit year in the
element set. For example if frstyr is set to 1960 then
the two digit years are mapped as shown in the table
below:
Two-line Maps to
element year
00 2000
01 2001
02 2002
. .
. .
. .
58 2058
59 2059
--------------------
60 1960
61 1961
62 1962
. .
. .
. .
99 1999
Note that if Space Command should decide to represent
years in 21st century as 100 + the last two digits of the
year (for example: 2015 is represented as 115) instead of
simply dropping the first two digits of the year, this
routine will correctly map the year as long as you set
frstyr to some value between 1900 and 1999.
lines is a pair of lines of text that comprise a Space command
``two-line element'' set. lines should be declared
SpiceChar lines[2][lineln];
These text lines should be the same as they are presented
in the two-line element files available from Space
Command (formerly NORAD). Below is an example of a
two-line set for TOPEX.
TOPEX
1 22076U 92052A 97173.53461370 -.00000038 00000-0 10000-3 0 594
2 22076 66.0378 163.4372 0008359 278.7732 81.2337 12.80930736227550
epoch is the epoch of the two line elements supplied via
the input array lines. Epoch is returned in TDB
seconds past J2000.
elems is an array containing the elements from the two line
set supplied via the array lines. The elements are
in units suitable for use by the CSPICE routine
ev2lin_.
Also note that the elements XNDD6O and BSTAR
incorporate the exponential factor present in the
input two line elements in LINES. (See particulars
below.
ELEMS [ 0 ] = XNDT2O in radians/minute**2
ELEMS [ 1 ] = XNDD6O in radians/minute**3
ELEMS [ 2 ] = BSTAR
ELEMS [ 3 ] = XINCL in radians
ELEMS [ 4 ] = XNODEO in radians
ELEMS [ 5 ] = EO
ELEMS [ 6 ] = OMEGAO in radians
ELEMS [ 7 ] = XMO in radians
ELEMS [ 8 ] = XNO in radians/minute
ELEMS [ 9 ] = EPOCH of the elements in seconds
past ephemeris epoch J2000.
None.
No checking of the inputs is performed in this routine. However, this
routine does call other CSPICE routines. If one of these routines
detects an error it will diagnose it and signal an error.
You must have loaded a SPICE leapseconds kernel into the
kernel pool prior to caling this routine.
This routine parses a Space Command Two-line element set and returns
the orbital elements properly scaled and in units suitable for use
by other SPICE software. Input elements look like the following
Suppose you have a set of two-line elements and an array containing
the related geophysical constants necessary to evaluate a state.
The example below shows how you can use this routine together with
the routine EV2LIN to propagate a state to an epoch of interest.
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "SpiceUsr.h"
SpiceDouble et;
SpiceDouble epoch;
SpiceInt frstyr;
.
.
.
/.
The parameters below will make it easier to make assignments
to the array GEOPHS required by EV2LIN.
J2 --- location of J2
J3 --- location of J3
J4 --- location if J4
KE --- location of KE = sqrt(GM) in eart-radii**1.5/MIN
QO --- location of upper bound of atmospheric model in KM
SO --- location of lower bound of atmospheric model in KM
ER --- location of earth equatorial radius in KM.
AE --- location of distance units/earth radius
./
#define J2 0
#define J3 1
#define J4 2
#define KE 3
#define QO 4
#define SO 5
#define ER 6
#define AE 7
/.
We set the lower bound for the years to be the beginning
of the space age.
./
frstyr = 1957;
/.
Read in the next two lines from the text file that contains
the two-line elements. We assume that file has been opened
properly and that we have set the ``file pointer'' to the
correct location for reading the next set of elements.
./
for ( i = 0; i < 2; i++ )
{
fgets ( line[i], lineln, textfile );
line[i][ strlen(line[i]) ] = '\0';
}
getelm_c ( frstyr, lineln, line, &epoch, elems );
/.
Set up the geophysical quantities. At last check these
were the values used by Space Command.
./
geophs[ J2 ] = 1.082616e-3;
geophs[ J3 ] = -2.53881e-6;
geophs[ J4 ] = -1.65597e-6;
geophs[ KE ] = 7.43669161e-2;
geophs[ QO ] = 120.0;
geophs[ SO ] = 78.0;
geophs[ ER ] = 6378.135;
geophs[ AE ] = 1.0;
/.
Now propagate the state using ev2lin_ to the epoch of
interest.
./
ev2lin_ ( &et, geophs, elems, state );
The format of the two-line elements suffer from a "millenium"
problem---only two digits are used for the year of the elements. It
is not clear how Space Command will deal with this problem as the
year 2000 comes and goes. We hope that by adjusting the input frstyr
you should be able to use this routine well into the 21st century.
However, since we can't predict how others will resolve the millenium
problem we can't be sure that our approach will be addequate to deal
with the problem.
The approach taken to mapping the two-digit year to the full year is
given by the code below. Here, yr is the integer obtained by parsing
the two-digit year from the first line of the elements.
begyr = (frstyr/100)*100;
year = begyr + yr;
if ( year < frstyr )
{
year += 100;
}
This mapping will be changed if future two-line element
representations make this method of computing the full year
inaccurate.
None.
N.J. Bachman (JPL)
W.L. Taber (JPL)
-CSPICE Version 1.0.1, 15-NOV-2007 (EDW)
Minor edits to example section; the getelm_c call lacked
the 'lineln' argument, the use of 'et' implied a pointer
rather than a value.
-CSPICE Version 1.0.0, 06-AUG-1999 (NJB) (WLT)
Parse two-line elements
Link to routine getelm_c source file getelm_c.c
|